Ahmad 
The UN Security Council has ended the mission of the UN Special Mission for Sudan (UNSMIS) four years after its formation, during which time the country witnessed political fluctuations, the most serious of which was the fighting since April between the army and the Rapid Support Forces.
The mission was supposed to support the political transition, but developments in Sudan quickly turned into a civil war, which led to the deaths of more than 10,000 people, the displacement of some 7 million within the country, and the migration of about two million people.
Reactions to the decision were mixed within the Sudanese street, as it was welcomed by the parties associated with the National Congress Party, which ruled the country for three decades that ended in April 2019, while other forces saw that it opens the door to expanding the tasks of the United Nations in Sudan, and may return Sudan again to the seventh item after it came out of it at the request of the Prime Minister of the civilian government, which was overthrown by the coup of October 25, 1921, but the return of the seventh item is linked to two scenarios: The first is related to the report of the fact-finding mission on violations of international humanitarian law that was adopted by the General Assembly, and this process is still in its infancy and needs a long time, while the second scenario is based on what the African Union can do regarding what is happening in Sudan by forming intervention forces, in which case the Security Council will resort to supporting the Union by adopting the resolution and assigning it to forces of an international nature under Chapter VII mandate, which does not seem realistic so far.
In practice, the decision to cancel the mission of the UN mission gave strong signals on the possibility of the Security Council moving to a more effective mechanism, as it stipulated the commitment of the United Nations Security Council to the sovereignty, unity, independence and territorial integrity of Sudan, expressing concern about the continuation of violence and the deterioration of the humanitarian situation, especially international humanitarian law and human rights violations, and the decision does not mean the termination of the tasks of the United Nations, but rather their transfer to the various United Nations agencies under the current circumstances, and the UN Ambassador Tariq Kurdi, head of the Sudanese Working Group in International organizations and the expert in humanitarian and international affairs, that he assigned more than one organization to see the mission of “UNITAMS”, and this requires the Sudanese authorities to deal with more than one UN coordinator instead of dealing with the previous head of the mission, and Kurdi indicated that the UNITAMS mission, which was formed under Chapter VI, brought together the work of various United Nations organizations under one roof, and allowed the Sudanese state to deal with the mission in all different topics, and now after the Security Council resolution, there is a return to the former system that is scattered among the organizations different.
The current data according to the Sudanese situation indicate that the recent Security Council resolution carries a hint of going to put Sudan under Chapter VII, and its timing indicates progress in serious negotiations between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces under Saudi-American auspices, but the Security Council was unable to take decisions on Sudan because of the Chinese and Russian positions rejecting the use of Chapter VII without there being justifications provided by the African Union in the first place, as this item is considered a dangerous UN tool under the international system. The current one, where it is waved according to the requirements related to Western interests, while it is not talked about in serious and current situations such as the war in Gaza, or other conflicts that have not witnessed any clear movement from the Security Council or even the threat of dealing with the issue in accordance with Article VII.
Written by Mazen Bilal