Hommam Al Nassim 
Egyptian military experts evaluated Russian deterrence capabilities to confront American marches, noting that Russia has the necessary tools to confront these threats, including cyber interference.
The Egyptian strategic expert, Major General Nasr Salem, stated that the directives issued by the Russian Defense Minister to the General Staff aim to take effective measures against the use of American drones, which are used in reconnaissance operations and support for Ukrainian forces.
Salem explained that the Russian response will not be limited to traditional military measures such as shooting down drones, but will also include cyber warfare, including controlling the drones or misleading them with false data.
For his part, the Egyptian strategic expert, Major General Mohamed Abdel Wahed, stated that the American marches, despite their progress, face difficulties due to Russian interference, which is able to change their paths and bring them down in some cases, which reflects advanced Russian capabilities in the field of interference and electronic warfare.
Russia uses multiple technologies to confront the drones. In addition to the S-400 “Triumph” anti-aircraft missile systems, which are capable of shooting down various types of aircraft at distances of up to 400 kilometers, it also uses the medium-range S-350 “Vityaz” system and the short-range Pantsir-S1 surface-to-air system. High mobility.
Russia also relies on the Krasukha-4 electronic warfare system capable of jamming the control and communication signals of drones, the Leer-3 designed to detect drones, determine their location and disrupt their communications, and the Repellent carried on board aircraft, which is capable of jamming radar and communications signals of drones over wide distances, in addition to For a wide range of laser weapons.
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